South Sudan

SUB-REGION
Central Africa

SIZE
644,329 km²

BIRDS AND BIRDING

SPECIES
Diversity
Strongly Afrotropical avifauna
Approximately 820 recorded species (10th longest bird list of any country in the ABC region)

Birds occurring in only two territories of the ABC region but not near-endemics (1/2)
Cinnamon Weaver

Proposed new species or splits not yet accepted by IOC
Archer’s Francolin (lorti)
African Quail (erlangeri)
Schuett’s Spurfowl (schuetti)
Black-shouldered Nightjar (nigriscapularis)
Abyssinian Nightjar (poliocephalus)
Eastern Black-billed Turaco (emini)
Western Black-billed Turaco (schuettii)
White-breasted Cormorant (lucidus)
Red-chested Goshawk (canescens)
Ethiopian Goshawk (unduliventer)
Central African Hoopoe (senegalensis/waibeli)
African Hoopoe (africana)
Eastern Piping Hornbill (duboisi)
Grey-headed Barbet (cinereiceps)
Streaky-throated Barbet (ansorgii)
Little Green Woodpecker (permista)
Ethiopian Puffback (erythreae)
Glossy-backed Drongo (lugubris)
Desert Grey Shrike (leucopygos)
Singing Bush Lark (marginata)
Dark-capped Bulbul (tricolor)
Shari Saw-wing (chalybea)
Ethiopian Saw-wing (1/2 oleaginea)
Mangbettu Saw-wing (1/2 mangbettorum)
West African Swallow (domicella)
Eastern Crombec (leucopsis)
African Reed Warbler (cinnamomeus)
Rufous-crowned Cisticola (nuchalis)
Mongalla Cisticola (1/2 mongalla)
Brown-tailed Apalis (flavocincta)
Eastern Buff-throated Apalis (nigrescens)
Tawny-breasted Camaroptera (toroensis)
African Scrub Robin (minor)
White-winged Scrub Robin (leucoptera)
Ethiopian Stonechat (albofasciatus)
Emin’s Weaver (emini)
Northern Red-headed Weaver (leuconotus)
Abyssinian Waxbill (1/2 ochrogaster)
Black-faced Quailfinch (ugandae)
Grey Firefinch (nigricollis)
Reddish Firefinch (larvata)

National bird
African Fish Eagle | Kuëi

MAIN HABITATS
Afromontane forest, Guinea woodlands, moist savannas, swamps

BIRD AREAS
12 Important Bird Areas

BIRDING SITES
The Sudd (Shambe National Park (NP), Ez Zeraf Game Reserve (GR), Meshra GR and Fanyikang GR) and Lake No for Cinnamon Weaver (ESS axillaris), Black Crowned Crane and Shoebill among other waterbirds including White-faced Whistling Duck, Fulvous Whistling Duck, White-backed Duck, Spur-winged Goose, Knob-billed Duck, Egyptian Goose, Black Crake, Little Grebe, Black-winged Stilt, Senegal Thick-knee, Common Ringed Plover, Little Ringed Plover, Long-toed Lapwing, Spur-winged Lapwing, African Wattled Lapwing, White-tailed Lapwing, Lesser Jacana, African Jacana, Jack Snipe, Common Snipe, Common Sandpiper, Marsh Sandpiper, Wood Sandpiper, Common Redshank, Common Greenshank, Ruff, Little Stint, Black-winged Pratincole, Collared Pratincole, African Skimmer, Gull-billed Tern, Whiskered Tern, Black Tern, White-winged Tern, Black-headed Gull, African Openbill, Yellow-billed Stork, Saddle-billed Stork, African Woolly-necked Stork, African Darter, Reed Cormorant, Great Cormorant (lucidus), African Sacred Ibis, Glossy Ibis, Eurasian Spoonbill, African Spoonbill, Little Bittern, Black-crowned Night Heron, Little Egret, Squacco Heron, Yellow-billed Egret, Western Cattle Egret, Great Egret, Grey Heron, Purple Heron, Goliath Heron, Hamerkop, Great White Pelican and Pink-backed Pelican, as well as Black-headed Gonolek, Highland Rush Warbler (sudanensis), Red-chested Sunbird, Northern Masked Weaver (taeniopterus) and White-rumped Seedeater (leucopygia), Long-tailed Nightjar (nigricans), Blue-headed Coucal (fischeri), Caspian Plover, Abdim’s Stork, White Stork, Black-headed Heron, Secretarybird, Osprey, Western Marsh Harrier, African Marsh Harrier, Montagu’s Harrier, African Fish Eagle, Marsh Owl, African Green Bee-eater (cleopatra), Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Eurasian Golden Oriole, Isabelline Shrike, Chestnut-backed Sparrow-Lark (leucotis), Sand Martin, Greater Swamp Warbler (ansorgei), Lesser Swamp Warbler (jacksoni), Common Reed Warbler (fuscus/cinnamomeus), Savi’s Warbler, Winding Cisticola (marginatus), Zitting Cisticola (uropygialis), Black-backed Cisticola (eximius), Swamp Flycatcher (infulata), Thick-billed Weaver (melanota), Red-billed Quelea (aethiopica), Yellow-crowned Bishop (ladoensis), Common Waxbill (macmillani), Quailfinch (ugandae), Orange-breasted Waxbill (subflava), Jambandu Indigobird, Western Yellow Wagtail, Yellow-throated Longclaw and Red-throated Pipit
Juba area and Badingilo NP for Red-pate Cisticola (mongalla), Clapperton’s Spurfowl, Slender-tailed Nightjar, Eastern Plantain-eater, Black-headed Lapwing (tectus), D’Arnaud’s Barbet (darnaudii), Red-fronted Barbet (diademata), Black-billed Barbet, Black-breasted Barbet, Nubian Woodpecker (nubica), Grey-headed Batis (chadensis), Black-headed Gonolek, Northern Brownbul, Foxy Cisticola (troglodytes), Green-backed Eremomela (canescens), Rufous Chatterer (rubiginosa), Rüppell’s Starling (aeneocephalus), Silverbird, African Grey Flycatcher (neumanni), Spotted Palm Thrush (guttata), Chestnut Sparrow, Shelley’s Sparrow, White-headed Buffalo Weaver, Grey-capped Social Weaver (arnaudi), Northern Masked Weaver and White-rumped Seedeater, African Pygmy Goose, African Crake, Lesser Moorhen, Three-banded Plover, Kittlitz’s Plover, Egyptian Plover, Greater Painted-snipe, Green Sandpiper, Rock Pratincole, Dwarf Bittern, Black Heron and Little Heron among other waterbirds, as well as more widespread or common birds including Common Ostrich (camelus), Helmeted Guineafowl (meleagris), Crested Francolin (grantii), Harlequin Quail, African Palm Swift, Common Swift, Little Swift, White-rumped Swift, Black-bellied Bustard, Senegal Coucal, White-browed Coucal, Black Coucal, Great Spotted Cuckoo, Jacobin Cuckoo, Levaillant’s Cuckoo, Diederik Cuckoo, Klaas’s Cuckoo, Red-chested Cuckoo, African Cuckoo, Four-banded Sandgrouse, Speckled Pigeon, Mourning Collared Dove, Vinaceous Dove, Laughing Dove, Black-billed Wood Dove, Namaqua Dove, Bruce’s Green Pigeon, Spotted Thick-knee (maculosus), Marabou Stork, Hadada Ibis, Black-winged Kite, African Cuckoo-Hawk, White-headed Vulture, Hooded Vulture, White-backed Vulture, Bateleur, Western Banded Snake Eagle, Beaudouin’s Snake Eagle, Bat Hawk, Long-crested Eagle, Wahlberg’s Eagle, Tawny Eagle, African Hawk-Eagle, Gabar Goshawk, Dark Chanting Goshawk, Shikra, Yellow-billed Kite, Grasshopper Buzzard, Western Barn Owl, African Scops Owl, Northern White-faced Owl, Greyish Eagle-Owl, Speckled Mousebird (jebelensis), Blue-naped Mousebird (griseogularis), Common Hoopoe (waibeli), Green Wood Hoopoe (niloticus), Black Scimitarbill (emini), Abyssinian Ground Hornbill, Northern Red-billed Hornbill, African Grey Hornbill (nasutus), Abyssinian Roller, Grey-headed Kingfisher, Striped Kingfisher, African Pygmy Kingfisher (picta), Malachite Kingfisher, Giant Kingfisher, Pied Kingfisher, Swallow-tailed Bee-eater (heuglini), Little Bee-eater (ocularis), Red-throated Bee-eater (frenatus), European Bee-eater, Northern Carmine Bee-eater, Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird (chrysoconus), White-headed Barbet (leucocephalus), Lesser Honeyguide (diadematus), Greater Honeyguide, African Grey Woodpecker (centralis), Grey Kestrel, Red-necked Falcon, Rose-ringed Parakeet, Black-crowned Tchagra (habessinicus), Tropical Boubou (major), Red-shouldered Cuckooshrike, Fork-tailed Drongo (lugubris), African Paradise Flycatcher (ferreti), Yellow-billed Shrike (affinis), Grey-backed Fiscal (excubitoroides), Woodchat Shrike, Piapiac, Pied Crow, White-shouldered Black Tit, Flappet Lark (torrida), Sun Lark (bucolica), Barn Swallow, Ethiopian Swallow (aethiopica), Wire-tailed Swallow (smithii), African Red-rumped Swallow (domicella), Red-breasted Swallow (gordoni), Common Bulbul (tricolor), Moustached Grass Warbler (amauroura), Northern Crombec (brachyura), Willow Warbler, Sedge Warbler, Eastern Olivaceous Warbler, Icterine Warbler, Singing Cisticola (concolor), Rattling Cisticola (simplex), Croaking Cisticola (strangei), Short-winged Cisticola (hypoxanthus), Tawny-flanked Prinia (subflava), Buff-bellied Warbler, Grey-backed Camaroptera (abessinica), Garden Warbler, Common Whitethroat, Northern Yellow White-eye (senegalensis), Brown Babbler, Lesser Blue-eared Starling (chloropterus), Bronze-tailed Starling (emini), Purple Starling (amethystinus), Violet-backed Starling, African Thrush (pelios), Northern Black Flycatcher (lugubris), Spotted Flycatcher, White-browed Robin-Chat (heuglini), Thrush Nightingale, Common Nightingale, Common Rock Thrush, Whinchat, Northern Wheatear, Isabelline Wheatear, White-fronted Black Chat (clericalis), Pygmy Sunbird, Scarlet-chested Sunbird (acik), Beautiful Sunbird, Copper Sunbird, Sahel Bush Sparrow, Northern Grey-headed Sparrow (ugandae), White-billed Buffalo Weaver, White-browed Sparrow-Weaver (melanorhynchus), Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver, Speckle-fronted Weaver (emini), Little Weaver, Vitelline Masked Weaver (vitellinus), Village Weaver (bohndorffi), Black-headed Weaver (dimidiatus), Red-headed Quelea, Black-winged Red Bishop (craspedopterus), Northern Red Bishop (franciscanus), Fan-tailed Widowbird (phoeniceus), White-winged Widowbird (eques), Bronze Mannikin (cucullata), Black-rumped Waxbill, Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu (bengalus), Green-winged Pytilia (soudanensis), Red-winged Pytilia (emini), Red-billed Firefinch (brunneiceps), Bar-breasted Firefinch (lateritia), Village Indigobird (neumanni), Wilson’s Indigobird, Pin-tailed Whydah, Long-tailed Paradise Whydah, Exclamatory Paradise Whydah, Cuckoo-finch, African Pied Wagtail, Plain-backed Pipit (zenkeri), Tree Pipit, Yellow-fronted Canary (barbata) and Brown-rumped Bunting (affinis)
Boma NP and Boma Hills for Kidepo Lark (kathangorensis) and Fawn-breasted Waxbill (ochrogaster), Clapperton’s Spurfowl, Arabian Bustard (butleri), Black Crowned Crane, Black-billed Barbet, Nubian Woodpecker (nubica), Grey-headed Batis (chadensis), Black-headed Gonolek, Taita Fiscal, Boran Cisticola (bodessa), Foxy Cisticola (ferrugineus), Green-backed Eremomela (abyssinica), Rüppell’s Starling (aeneocephalus), Silverbird, Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird, Shelley’s Sparrow, White-headed Buffalo Weaver and Grey-capped Social Weaver (arnaudi), as well as, at least formerly, Freckled Nightjar (tristigma), Alpine Swift (africanus), Mottled Swift (aequatorialis), White-cheeked Turaco, Hartlaub’s Bustard, Lemon Dove (bronzina), Dusky Turtle Dove, Red-eyed Dove, Rüppell’s Vulture, Lappet-faced Vulture, Martial Eagle, Verreaux’s Eagle, African Goshawk (unduliventer), African Wood Owl (umbrina), Speckled Mousebird (leucotis), Crowned Hornbill, Silvery-cheeked Hornbill, Half-collared Kingfisher, Ethiopian Bee-eater, Northern Red-fronted Tinkerbird (uropygialis), Double-toothed Barbet (aequatorialis), Eastern Grey Woodpecker (spodocephalus), Common Kestrel (rufescens), Brown-throated Wattle-eye (aethiopica), White-crested Helmetshrike (cristatus), White-breasted Cuckooshrike, Northern Puffback (erythreae), Ethiopian Boubou, Black-headed Oriole (rolleti), Northern Fiscal (humeralis), Cape Crow (kordofanensis), Fan-tailed Raven, Flappet Lark (omoensis), Common Bulbul (schoanus), Black Saw-wing (oleaginea), Red-throated Rock Martin (fusciventris), Lesser Striped Swallow (abyssinica), Common Chiffchaff, Red-faced Cisticola (pyrrhomitra), Croaking Cisticola (argenteus), Short-winged Cisticola (zedlitzi), White-rumped Babbler (omoensis), Yellow-bellied Hyliota (flavigaster), Red-winged Starling (rueppellii), Abyssinian Ground Thrush (piaggiae), Pale Flycatcher (parvus), Gambaga Flycatcher, Rüppell’s Robin-Chat, White-crowned Robin-Chat, Mocking Cliff Chat (subrufipennis), Familiar Chat (omoensis), Scarlet-chested Sunbird (proteus), Variable Sunbird (fazoqlensis), Swainson’s Sparrow, Baglafecht Weaver (baglafecht), Rüppell’s Weaver, Red-headed Weaver (leuconotus), Red-cowled Widowbird, Bronze Mannikin (scutata), African Firefinch (haematocephala), Jameson’s Firefinch (rhodopareia), Black-faced Firefinch (larvata), Baka Indigobird, African Pipit (stabilis), Plain-backed Pipit (omoensis), Stripe-breasted Seedeater and Yellow-fronted Canary (grotei)
Extreme south-east (proposed Loelle NP and Ilemi Triangle) for Jackson’s Hornbill, Somali Crow and Kidepo Lark (kidepoensis), Slender-tailed Nightjar, Eastern Plantain-eater, Arabian Bustard, Black-headed Lapwing, D’Arnaud’s Barbet (darnaudii), Red-fronted Barbet (diademata), Nubian Woodpecker (nubica), Grey-headed Batis (bella), Taita Fiscal, Boran Cisticola, Northern Brownbul, Rufous Chatterer (rubiginosa), Rüppell’s Starling (aeneocephalus), African Grey Flycatcher (neumanni), Spotted Palm Thrush (guttata), Heuglin’s Wheatear, Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird, Chestnut Sparrow and White-headed Buffalo Weaver, as well as Orange River Francolin (lorti), Yellow-necked Spurfowl (infuscatus), Sombre Nightjar, Donaldson-Smith’s Nightjar, Star-spotted Nightjar, White-bellied Go-away-bird, Kori Bustard (struthiunculus), Heuglin’s Bustard, White-bellied Bustard (canicollis), Buff-crested Bustard, Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse (ellioti), Lichtenstein’s Sandgrouse (sukensis), Ring-necked Dove (tropica), Emerald-spotted Wood Dove, Crowned Lapwing, Somali Courser (littoralis), Temminck’s Courser, Three-banded Courser (cinctus), Secretarybird, Scissor-tailed Kite, Egyptian Vulture, Black-chested Snake Eagle, Pallid Harrier, Pearl-spotted Owlet, Blue-naped Mousebird (pulcher), Common Hoopoe (africana), Abyssinian Scimitarbill (cabanisi), Eastern Yellow-billed Hornbill, Hemprich’s Hornbill, Purple Roller, Little Bee-eater (cyanostictus), Olive Bee-eater, Northern Red-fronted Tinkerbird (affinis), Black-throated Barbet, Red-and-yellow Barbet, Cardinal Woodpecker (hemprichii), Meyer’s Parrot (saturatus), Pygmy Falcon, Fox Kestrel, Lanner Falcon (abyssinicus), Taita Falcon, Pygmy Batis, Rosy-patched Bushshrike (hilgerti), Three-streaked Tchagra (jamesi), Slate-coloured Boubou, Brubru (minor), Northern White-crowned Shrike, Grey-backed Fiscal (intercedens), Somali Fiscal, Fan-tailed Raven, Mouse-coloured Penduline Tit, Chestnut-headed Sparrow-Lark (harrisoni), Pink-breasted Lark, Singing Bush Lark (marginata), Crested Lark (somaliensis), Northern Crombec (leucopsis), Red-faced Crombec (loringi), Rattling Cisticola (fricki), Ashy Cisticola (schillingsi), Tiny Cisticola, Pale Prinia (erlangeri), Red-fronted Prinia (smithi), Yellow-breasted Apalis (flavocincta), Grey Wren-Warbler, Yellow-bellied Eremomela (griseoflava), Barred Warbler, Wattled Starling, Greater Blue-eared Starling (cyaniventris), Superb Starling, Shelley’s Starling, Magpie Starling, Red-billed Oxpecker, White-browed Scrub Robin (leucoptera), Pied Wheatear, Brown-tailed Rock Chat (turkana), Hunter’s Sunbird, Abyssinian Sunbird (turkanae), Yellow-spotted Bush Sparrow (pyrgita), Parrot-billed Sparrow, Somali Sparrow (fulgens), Red-billed Buffalo Weaver (intermedius), Lesser Masked Weaver, Vitelline Masked Weaver (uluensis), Grey-headed Silverbill, Black-cheeked Waxbill, Crimson-rumped Waxbill (centralis), Cut-throat Finch (alexanderi), Purple Grenadier, Blue-capped Cordon-bleu, Steel-blue Whydah, Straw-tailed Whydah, Golden Pipit, Long-billed Pipit (hararensis), Reichenow’s Seedeater, White-bellied Canary, Striolated Bunting (saturatior), Cinnamon-breasted Bunting (tahapisi) and Somali Bunting
Imatong Mountains Forest Reserve, Dongotona Mountains and Didinga Hills for, at least formerly, Jameson’s Wattle-eye, Joyful Greenbul (laetissima), Toro Olive Greenbul, Scaly-breasted Illadopsis and Baglafecht Weaver (emini), African Black Duck, Western Crested Guineafowl, Scaly Spurfowl (schuetti), Montane Nightjar (poliocephalus), Freckled Nightjar, Scarce Swift, Great Blue Turaco, Ross’s Turaco, Black-billed Turaco (emini), African Emerald Cuckoo, African Olive Pigeon, Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon (sharpei), Lemon Dove (larvata), Dusky Turtle Dove, Blue-spotted Wood Dove, Tambourine Dove, African Green Pigeon (gibberifrons), Striped Flufftail, African Snipe, Bearded Vulture, Verreaux’s Eagle, African Goshawk (sparsimfasciatus), Rufous-breasted Sparrowhawk, Mountain Buzzard, Augur Buzzard, African Wood Owl (nuchalis), Narina Trogon (narina), White-headed Wood Hoopoe (jacksoni), Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill (subquadratus), Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater, Eastern Yellow-billed Barbet (elgonensis), Grey-throated Barbet (cinereiceps), Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird (leucolaimus), Double-toothed Barbet, Cassin’s Honeybird (insignis), Least Honeyguide (pachyrhynchus), Scaly-throated Honeyguide, Brown-eared Woodpecker (caroli), Cardinal Woodpecker (lepidus), Chinspot Batis (puella), Chestnut Wattle-eye, Brown-throated Wattle-eye (nyansae), Pink-footed Puffback, Lühder’s Bushshrike, African Shrike-flycatcher (aequatorialis), Grey Cuckooshrike (purus), Black Cuckooshrike, Purple-throated Cuckooshrike (martini), Black-winged Oriole, Sharpe’s Drongo (sharpei), African Blue Flycatcher (teresita), White-bellied Tit, Dusky Tit (funereus), Western Nicator, Slender-billed Greenbul (gracilirostris), Red-tailed Bristlebill (woosnami), Honeyguide Greenbul (indicator), Yellow-whiskered Greenbul (latirostris), Plain Greenbul (curvirostris), White-throated Greenbul (albigularis), Cabanis’s Greenbul (sucosus), White-headed Saw-wing (albiceps), Red-throated Rock Martin, Western House Martin, African Red-rumped Swallow (emini), Green Crombec (baraka), Green Hylia (prasina), Brown Woodland Warbler (mackenzianus), Mountain Yellow Warbler, Bamboo Warbler (alfredi), Fan-tailed Grassbird (alexinae), Cinnamon Bracken Warbler (cavei), Rock-loving Cisticola (petrophilus), Wing-snapping Cisticola (imatong), White-chinned Prinia (reichenowi), Black-collared Apalis, Black-throated Apalis (jacksoni), Grey Apalis, Black-faced Rufous Warbler (vulpinus), Rufous-crowned Eremomela (ESS latukae), Eurasian Blackcap, African Hill Babbler (abyssinica), Brown Parisoma (jacksoni), Northern Yellow White-eye (gerhardi), Brown Illadopsis (ugandae), Red-winged Starling (rueppellii), Waller’s Starling (elgonensis), Stuhlmann’s Starling, Sharpe’s Starling, Spotted Ground Thrush (ESS maxis), Abyssinian Ground Thrush (ESS hadii), Abyssinian Thrush (abyssinicus), White-eyed Slaty Flycatcher (fischeri), African Dusky Flycatcher (pumila), White-starred Robin (ESS pallidiflava), Brown-chested Alethe (ESS giloensis), Red-capped Robin-Chat (intensa), Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat (bartteloti), Cape Robin-Chat (iolaemus), Equatorial Akalat (ESS acholiensis), Grey-winged Robin-Chat (polioptera), Little Rock Thrush, African Stonechat (albofasciatus), Little Green Sunbird (minor), Grey-chinned Sunbird, Collared Sunbird (garguensis), Olive Sunbird (ragazzii), Green-throated Sunbird (rubescens), Tacazze Sunbird (jacksoni), Malachite Sunbird (cupreonitens), Northern Double-collared Sunbird (reichenowi), Variable Sunbird (falkensteini), Black-billed Weaver (stephanophorus), Dark-backed Weaver (mentalis), Brown-capped Weaver, Red-headed Malimbe (rubricollis), Yellow Bishop (crassirostris), Magpie Mannikin, Black-and-white Mannikin (poensis), Yellow-bellied Waxbill (kilimensis), Green Twinspot (chubbi), Abyssinian Crimsonwing (kilimensis), Grey-headed Nigrita (schistaceus), Black-crowned Waxbill (nonnula), Red-headed Bluebill (ruficapilla), Dybowski’s Twinspot, Grey Wagtail, Oriole Finch (elgonensis), Southern Citril (brittoni), Streaky Seedeater (striolata) and Yellow-crowned Canary (flavivertex), as well as D’Arnaud’s Barbet, Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird and White-headed Buffalo Weaver, African Rail, Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl, African Pygmy Kingfisher (natalensis), Bearded Woodpecker (namaquus), Orange-breasted Bushshrike (similis), Northern Fiscal (humeralis), Red-backed Shrike, Grey-rumped Swallow (griseopyga), Banded Martin (suahelica), Brown-throated Martin (ducis), Mosque Swallow (saturatior), Lesser Striped Swallow (unitatis), Northern Crombec (carnapi), African Yellow Warbler (massaica), Grey-capped Warbler, African Thrush (centralis), Pale Flycatcher (murinus), Amethyst Sunbird (kirkii), Scarlet-chested Sunbird (lamperti), Marico Sunbird (osiris), Golden-backed Weaver, Cardinal Quelea, Red-collared Widowbird, Orange-winged Pytilia and Golden-breasted Bunting (kalaharica)
Nimule NP for, at least formerly, Heuglin’s Spurfowl, Eastern Plantain-eater, White-crested Turaco, Black-headed Lapwing, D’Arnaud’s Barbet, Black-billed Barbet, Black-breasted Barbet, Speckle-breasted Woodpecker, Black-headed Gonolek, Foxy Cisticola, Red-winged Grey Warbler, Dusky Babbler and Silverbird, as well as Blue Quail, Swamp Nightjar, White-backed Night Heron, Blue-bellied Roller, Spot-flanked Barbet (lacrymosa), Emin’s Shrike, Red-winged Prinia (jodoptera), White-browed Scrub Robin (zambesiana), Sooty Flycatcher (minuscula), Semicollared Flycatcher, Sooty Chat and Heuglin’s Masked Weaver
Bangangai GR and Bire Kpatuos GR for, at least formerly, Heuglin’s Spurfowl, Eastern Plantain-eater, White-crested Turaco, White-naped Pigeon, Eastern Dwarf Hornbill, Speckle-breasted Woodpecker, Niam-niam Parrot, Jameson’s Wattle-eye, Yellow-eyed Bristlebill (ugandae), Black Saw-wing (mangbettorum), Olive-green Camaroptera (toroensis), Scaly-breasted Illadopsis, Spotted Thrush-Babbler (turdina), Puvel’s Illadopsis (strenuipes), Dusky Babbler and Palestine Sunbird (decorsei), as well as Hartlaub’s Duck, Western Crested Guineafowl, Stone Partridge (florentiae), Latham’s Francolin (schubotzi), Scaly Spurfowl (schuetti), Fiery-necked Nightjar (nigriscapularis), Plain Nightjar, Long-tailed Nightjar (sclateri), Standard-winged Nightjar, Pennant-winged Nightjar, Great Blue Turaco, Ross’s Turaco, Black-billed Turaco (schuettii), Blue Malkoha, Thick-billed Cuckoo (validus), Yellow-throated Cuckoo, African Emerald Cuckoo, Black Cuckoo (gabonensis), Afep Pigeon, Western Bronze-naped Pigeon, Red-eyed Dove, Blue-spotted Wood Dove, Tambourine Dove, African Green Pigeon (uellensis), White-spotted Flufftail, Grey-throated Rail, Nkulengu Rail, African Harrier-Hawk, Palm-nut Vulture, Lizard Buzzard, Brown Snake Eagle, Crowned Eagle, Long-tailed Hawk, African Goshawk (canescens), Black Sparrowhawk, Little Sparrowhawk, Red-necked Buzzard, African Wood Owl, Speckled Mousebird (leucophthalmus), Congo Pied Hornbill, Red-billed Dwarf Hornbill, Piping Hornbill (duboisi), Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill, Black-casqued Hornbill, Broad-billed Roller, Chocolate-backed Kingfisher, Blue-breasted Kingfisher (malimbica), Woodland Kingfisher (senegalensis), African Dwarf Kingfisher (lecontei), Shining-blue Kingfisher (guentheri), Black-headed Bee-eater, White-throated Bee-eater, Eastern Yellow-billed Barbet, Grey-throated Barbet (cinereiceps), Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird, Hairy-breasted Barbet (ansorgii), Double-toothed Barbet, Least Honeyguide, Lesser Honeyguide (riggenbachi), Spotted Honeyguide (stictithorax), Red-throated Wryneck (pulchricollis), Buff-spotted Woodpecker (herberti), Brown-eared Woodpecker, Fine-spotted Woodpecker (balia), Golden-tailed Woodpecker (chrysura), Green-backed Woodpecker (permista), Yellow-crested Woodpecker, Brown-backed Woodpecker (obsoletus), Red-headed Lovebird, African Hobby, Western Black-headed Batis (erlangeri), Chestnut Wattle-eye, Brown-throated Wattle-eye, Grey-headed Bushshrike (catharoxanthus), Marsh Tchagra (minuta), Brown-crowned Tchagra (emini), Northern Puffback (malzacii), Lowland Sooty Boubou, Brubru (afer), White-crested Helmetshrike (concinnatus), African Shrike-Flycatcher, Black-and-white Shrike-flycatcher (musicus), Black Cuckooshrike, Western Oriole (laetior), Black-winged Oriole, African Golden Oriole (auratus), Velvet-mantled Drongo (coracinus), Blue-headed Crested Flycatcher (nitens), African Paradise Flycatcher (speciosa), Northern Fiscal (smithii), African Blue Flycatcher, Dusky Crested Flycatcher (nigromitrata), Western Nicator, Rufous-rumped Lark, Slender-billed Greenbul, Red-tailed Bristlebill, Pale-throated Greenbul (soror), Simple Greenbul, Honeyguide Greenbul, Red-tailed Greenbul (emini), Little Greenbul (virens), Yellow-whiskered Greenbul, Plain Greenbul, White-throated Greenbul, Leaf-love (orientalis), Yellow Longbill (hypochondriacus), Green Crombec, Green Hylia, Wood Warbler, Red-faced Cisticola (sylvia), Singing Cisticola (belli), Whistling Cisticola (antinorii), Short-winged Cisticola (brachypterus), White-chinned Prinia, Yellow-breasted Apalis (caniceps), Buff-throated Apalis (nigrescens), Brown Illadopsis, Yellow-bellied Hyliota (flavigaster), African Spotted Creeper (emini), Splendid Starling (splendidus), Chestnut-winged Starling (hartlaubii), Yellow-billed Oxpecker, Fraser’s Rufous Thrush (vulpina), Fire-crested Alethe (woosnami), Pale Flycatcher (pallidus), Grey Tit-Flycatcher (plumbea), Ashy Flycatcher (brevicauda), Yellow-breasted Forest Robin (mabirae), Snowy-crowned Robin-Chat (niveicapilla), Red-capped Robin-Chat, Common Redstart, Western Violet-backed Sunbird (longuemarei), Little Green Sunbird, Grey-chinned Sunbird, Collared Sunbird (somereni), Green-headed Sunbird (viridisplendens), Olive Sunbird, Green-throated Sunbird, Olive-bellied Sunbird (orphogaster), Splendid Sunbird, Baglafecht Weaver (eremobius), Spectacled Weaver (crocatus), Black-necked Weaver (nigricollis), Vieillot’s Black Weaver, Black-headed Weaver (duboisi), Yellow-mantled Weaver (tricolor), Compact Weaver, Blue-billed Malimbe, Black Bishop (ansorgei), Yellow-mantled Widowbird (macroura), Red-collared Widowbird, Magpie Mannikin, Black-and-white Mannikin, Black-crowned Waxbill, Fawn-breasted Waxbill (paludicola), Red-headed Bluebill, Black-bellied Seedcracker, Brown Twinspot, Dybowski’s Twinspot, African Firefinch (congica), Black-bellied Firefinch (rara), Cameroon Indigobird, West African Seedeater (elgonensis) and Cabanis’s Bunting (cabanisi)
Western Bahr el Ghazal for, at least formerly, Schlegel’s Francolin, Heuglin’s Spurfowl, White-crested Turaco, Black-breasted Barbet, Black-headed Gonolek, Foxy Cisticola, Red-winged Grey Warbler and Green-backed Eremomela, as well as Pallid Swift, Denham’s Bustard, Common Buttonquail, Forbes’s Plover, White-crowned Lapwing, Pel’s Fishing Owl, Vieillot’s Barbet, Meyer’s Parrot (meyeri), Orange-breasted Bushshrike (sulfureopectus), Yellow Penduline Tit, Black Saw-wing (chalybea), Long-tailed Glossy Starling, Swamp Flycatcher (aquatica), Grey-headed Oliveback, Green-winged Pytilia (citerior) and Black-faced Firefinch (nigricollis)
Far north for Black-headed Lapwing, Heuglin’s Wheatear and White-rumped Seedeater, as well as Garganey, Northern Pintail, Egyptian Nightjar, Long-tailed Nightjar (climacurus), Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse (exustus), European Turtle Dove, Common Moorhen, Allen’s Gallinule, Greater Flamingo, Quail-plover, Cream-colored Courser, Caspian Tern, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Egyptian Vulture, Blue-naped Mousebird (macrourus), European Roller, Black-crowned Tchagra (remigialis), Great Grey Shrike (leucopygos), Masked Shrike, Sennar Penduline Tit, Black-crowned Sparrow-Lark (albifrons), Kordofan Lark, White-tailed Lark, Flappet Lark (ESS sobatensis), Crested Lark (isabellina), Greater Short-toed Lark, Common Bulbul (arsinoe), Eastern Bonelli’s Warbler, Croaking Cisticola (tonga), Red-pate Cisticola (scotopterus), Grey-backed Camaroptera (brevicaudata), Yellow-bellied Eremomela (alexanderi), Lesser Whitethroat, Eastern Orphean Warbler, Chestnut-bellied Starling, Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin (minor), Desert Wheatear, Eastern Black-eared Wheatear, Cyprus Wheatear, Nile Valley Sunbird, House Sparrow, Sudan Golden Sparrow, Cut-throat Finch (fasciata), Sahel Paradise Whydah, White Wagtail, Tawny Pipit, Gosling’s Bunting and Golden-breasted Bunting (flavigaster)
Also Southern NP, Mbarizunga GR, Lantoto NP, Kidepo GR, Boro GR, Chelkou GR, Ashana GR, Numatina GR, Lake Abiad and Lake Ambadi

TIMING (Jan–Mar)
Best in the dry season (Nov–Mar) when access is easier and Afro-Palearctic migrants are present

RESOURCES
Apps
Birds of Africa (iOS or Android)

Field guides
Birds of Africa South of the Sahara by Ian Sinclair & Peter Ryan (2010)
Birds of East Africa by Terry Stevenson & John Fanshawe (2020) treats almost all species
Birds of the Horn of Africa by Nigel Redman, Terry Stevenson & John Fanshawe (2011) and Birds of Western Africa by Nik Borrow & Ron Demey (2014) cover most species

Sounds
African Bird Sounds Vol 2: West and Central Africa by Claude Chappuis

Atlases
Distribution Atlas of Sudan’s Birds with Notes on Habitat and Status by Gerhard Nikolaus (1987)

Further reading
Birds of South Sudan by Gerhard Nikolaus (1989)
Sudan by Peter Robertson in Important Bird Areas in Africa and Associated Islands: Priority Sites for Conservation edited by Lincoln D C Fishpool & Michael I Evans (2001)
Bird Observations from South-east Sudan by Marc de Bont (2009)
Bird Observations around Juba, South Sudan by Mark Mallalieu (2013)
Articles in Scopus, Bull. ABC, etc.

Websites
UNESCO World Heritage List: Sudd Wetland and Boma-Badingilo Migratory Landscape
Sudan Open Archive

Blogs
Birding South Sudan by Mark Mallalieu (2011-2012)
South Sudan Safaris – Bahr el Jebel Safaris (2015-2016)

ORGANISATIONS

There is currently no BirdLife Partner in South Sudan

Bird or conservation organisations active in South Sudan include –
South Sudan Wildlife Society (SSWS)
South Sudan Nature Conservation Organisation (SSNCO)
Enjojo Foundation
African Parks: Badingilo & Boma National Parks
Fauna & Flora International (FFI)
WCS South Sudan